Hashrate follows miner revenue. Miner revenue = block subsidy + fees × BTC price. Efficiency gains help, but not enough to counter halvings forever. Hashrate will not “always” grow.
> “Security scales with market cap automatically”
is not guaranteed
What really happens if price does NOT rise after a halving?
1. Subsidy halves from 6.25 → 3.125 BTC;
2. Efficiency improvements add maybe +20% over 4 years;
3. Miner revenue still falls roughly ~45%.
That means hashrate must drop, difficulty drops, and attack cost drops.
