Last Notes
Specifically for this meme I used Gemini to change the faces to Pepe. It didn’t work for Obama. I then used Inshot to add one for Obama and finish editing the meme.
I’m on iOS. I copied the repo and installed to phone with Xcode. I didn’t install the Google dependencies.
### 「擅自赈灾」三则
文：言九林
> 唐宪宗元和初年，卢坦在宣州做地方官，遇上江淮大旱，米价大涨。有人劝卢坦压制米价。卢坦回应说：宣州本地产米不足，须靠外地运米进来，若压制米价，则米商不再运米进入宣州，「价虽贱则无谷奈何？」
1
众所周知，中国传统王朝有个东西叫「官仓」，用来储存自百姓身上汲取的税粮。同样总所周知，按中国传统王朝官方宣传的治理逻辑，官府从百姓身上征了税粮，就有责任在灾年时打开官仓赈济百姓。正所谓取之于民用之于民。
遗憾的是，因为官权力不受民意制约，取之于民总是很积极，用之于民从来没动力。官仓里的粮食，也经常处于不翼而飞状态。灾年到来时，衙门总是两手一摊两眼一翻，没粮。偶尔有粮，也不愿意发放给百姓，比如隋文帝（传送门：「国库充盈」未必是好事）。隋朝百姓没办法，就办了「义仓」来自救。可没多久，隋文帝就眼红了。他批评百姓没有自救能力，说百姓脱离了官府指导擅自赈灾完全没效率，宣布由官府全面接管「义仓」，并命令所有百姓都得缴纳新的「义仓粮」。再然后，隋唐宋元明清这一千多年里，那些由官府控制的「义仓」，便经常处于空空荡荡的状态，没人知道粮食去了哪里。
这期间，宋朝百姓曾二次试图自救，搞了个「社仓」。结果毫无意外，再度引起官府眼红。赵宋官家再度强调民间百姓没素质，不能任由他们擅自赈灾浪费粮食，必须由官府将「社仓」管起来。结果当然是「社仓」同样变得空空荡荡，粮食同样不知所踪。
官仓空，义仓空，社仓也空。灾荒来了怎么办？两宋官府的办法是甩锅给民间社会，具体而言是甩锅给那些没官家背景的「富户」。这种甩锅有个专门用词叫做「劝分」，还有一套特别理直气壮的论据：「救荒之法，惟有劝分。劝分者，劝富室以惠小民，损有余而补不足，天道也，国法也」。这是南宋好官员黄震勒令抚州富户出钱出粮时的原话。意思是你们既然有钱，那么出钱出粮并接受官府指导去赈灾，就天经地义。
2
唐宪宗元和初年，卢坦在宣州做地方官，遇上江淮大旱，米价大涨。有人劝卢坦压制米价。卢坦回应说：宣州本地产米不足，须靠外地运米进来，若压制米价，则米商不再运米进入宣州，「价虽贱则无谷奈何？」——米价倒是被管制了起来，可低米价的后果是市场无米可卖，那低价有何意义？卢坦不压制米价，宣州这地方本就商业发达、交通便利，结果「商人舟米以来者相望」，粮商纷纷涌入，灾情很快就过去了。
尊重市场可以让赈灾事半功倍，是个很简单的经济学常识。很多宋代官员都懂这个常识。比如：范仲淹在杭州做地方官，遇上了饥荒，市场谷价涨至每斗120文。范不但不压制粮价，还反过来将粮价提升至每斗180文，「商贾闻之，晨夕争先惟恐后」，粮食源源而来，粮价很快就下落了。包拯在庐州做地方官，当地发生饥荒，包拯同样「不限米价，而商贾载至者遂多，不日米贱」。尊重市场规律可以提前结束饥荒、减少灾民痛苦，这个基本常识，还被南宋官员董煟写进了专业的救灾指导手册《救荒活民书》。
遗憾的是，历朝历代的皇权，都不愿意承认这个基本常识。乾隆二年，清廷户部出台的救荒政策里明确规定：不许粮商擅自运输粮食进灾区，粮商进灾区的运米船必须由官府指定目的地；不许擅自按市场行情行动，必须按官府指定的粮价交易。次年秋，江苏因岁旱欠收发生饥荒，朝廷号召粮商运粮食进灾区，并让产粮区地方官对本地粮商的赈灾意愿摸底。然后，据苏州织造海保于回奏：官府的号召告示贴出去十多天了，「愿往灾邑者甚少」。不让擅自按市场行情行动，粮商们就干脆都不动了。
乾隆皇帝和他的户部官僚不懂尊重市场对灾民有大好处吗？当然是懂的，毕竟那是自唐宋时代就流传甚广、且经过多次实践检验的基本常识。懂，而绝不践行，是因为传统秦制政权的统治术里有一套「君父话语」——皇帝和他的官僚代理人是全天下百姓的爹，没了这些爹，全天下百姓的日子会过不下去。「父母官」云云，就是这个意思。如果承认没有君王及其官僚代理人的折腾，自由市场也可以有效调配资源，且会调配得更好，可以更快地帮助民众走出灾荒，那么，致力于让百姓感恩的「君父话语」就会轰然坍塌。从这个角度而言，秦制政权天然要反对自由市场，绝不会容许民间利用市场擅自赈灾。
3
1876-1878年的「丁戊奇荒」，是一场旷日持久的罕见旱灾。灾区覆盖山西、直隶、河南、陕西、山东五省，灾民达一亿六千万至二亿左右，至少有一千万人死于饥荒和疫病，自重灾区逃亡外地寻求活路的灾民多达两千万人。
中国历史上，几乎每一场巨大天灾背后都潜伏着沉重的人祸，丁戊奇荒也不例外。曾国荃于1876年秋就任山西巡抚。据他观察，山西遭遇旱灾后之所以几乎没有粮食储备，且周边省份也同样如此，是因为山西及周边省份都在大规模种植鸦片。清廷为了增加财政收入，于1859年宣布国产鸦片种植合法化。此后，地方官吏受鸦片税驱动，普遍鼓励民众变耕地为鸦片田。云贵川陕和整个中国北方，只用了短短十余年就已是遍地罂粟，大清也一跃成了世界第一大鸦片生产国和出口国。然后就是旱灾降临，整个北中国陷入了无粮可调的绝境。
灾荒如此严重，不可避免引起了国际社会关注。光绪四年（1878），日本驻华公使森有礼前往大清总理衙门，说日本民众愿意向山西饥民提供赈粮，且已运输了一批粮食至天津，希望总理衙门派人去接收并将之运往灾区。总理衙门的王大臣们一番商议，回复森有礼，「以山西转运艰难力为劝阻」。谢谢贵国好意，可惜自天津运粮去山西，交通实在很糟糕，这些赈粮我们不能要。
大约同期，一批英美传教士带着自江南地区筹集的赈灾钱款和物资抵达了河南。河南学政瞿鸿禨高度关注这些人的行踪，并密报朝廷，说这些人「居心则险不可测」，他们不是来赈灾的，他们是来收拢民心挖大清的墙角：「彼盖知近畿等省，灾苦甚深，民多愁困，乘间而为收拾人心之计，且得窥我虚实……」
传教士李提摩太带着由「中国赈灾基金委员会」（由传教士、外国商人和驻华外交官组成的临时赈灾组织）筹集的赈灾资金抵达山西，第一次去拜访巡抚曾国荃时，也吃了闭门羹：「他的一个幕僚——我必须先见他——告诉我说，巡抚因为我的出现非常生气。……他认为我的到来只是为了收买人心，使民众对政府离心离德。」
整个丁戊奇荒期间，清廷自朝堂到地方普遍不欢迎洋人参与赈灾。这种不欢迎，既源于对外部世界的恐惧，也与清廷自身毫无救灾能力有直接关系。据《清实录》，清廷官方在丁戊奇荒期间，只拿出了区区数百万两白银和不超过一百万石粮食用于赈灾，而仅山西一省，耗费的赈灾物资就多达一千三百万两白银和二百万石大米。因为绝大部分赈灾物资来自民间和外部世界，后来清廷遗老们编《清史稿·食货志》时，干脆只字不提官赈数字了。既然大清官府毫无救灾能力，当然不能放任民间社会和洋人成为灾区百姓的救命恩人。对皇权而言，相比饿死更多百姓，显出大清朝廷无能是更不可接受的事情。
所以，总理衙门婉拒了日本大米；河南士绅受瞿鸿禨煽动，气势汹汹要将前来赈灾的洋人驱赶出境；曾国荃虽允许李提摩太赈灾，却要求李提摩太必须在山西地方官府的指导下开展活动，务必确保皇恩与官恩在赈灾活动中有足够的存在感。赈灾难，往往就难在它有时候不仅仅被视为赈灾。
—END—
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Well played sir 😂
Imo
One of the best keyboards.
So much so I bought a standalone 😁
https://blossom.primal.net/406b464bfd7cd773a61fd4b17cf942d030ddd2c30780c55d70dde09c9d116958.jpg
So, I've never done one of those but my dna is on file for the national bone marrow donation list. I have rh- blood. There's a conspiracy theory that rh- blood is alien.
👽🐊🛸
Deleted by YakiHonne without a word.
Come on, just blame AI, but say something! Everyone saw it 😄
I miss a time when people used to create stuff themselves, with their heart and their skills, a time before #AI ...
#nevent1q…qhwn
https://blossom.primal.net/6fbcac07527ffc4ec01d358f206b6f3722dad33bccab28fb242ce21a873a30ef.jpg
I just added all the albums I have of Surgeon and British Murder Boys on Gruuv
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#nevent1q…jafl
https://blossom.smartflow.social/b2209b5732a011cc2fe9ff206748a9438186f5dc2ffe96350494fdc5dc5721e6.jpg
If you see fraud and do not say fraud, you are a fraud.
Nassim Taleb
@nprofile…35c0
用中文总结链接里的文章
I make it a rule to solve before I scroll, not a cheat like some here.
#ZAPSNAG 🚨
Some joked around by asking for a 5 gallon bucket of #hodlbutter….
Well, I don’t quite have 5 gallons here, but 5 pounds! It’ll last you an entire year to be sure.
First one to zap 121k gets it. FREE USA SHIPPING ONLY 🚀
One hell of a bargain here don’t miss it!
Bitcoin is money. Use it as such (especially on nostr)
https://image.nostr.build/b8a59f0dba304aaf1c08e542e12579f7a38e4f27a8ef39cd38a853ce77a9339b.jpg
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Block 951136
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#bitcoinfees #mempool
📊 [ #PREDYX ] markets overview
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Powered by @nprofile…u0hd #Bitcoin prediction market
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Plant olives. Move your vineyards further North.
I fit into both your memes😬😎.
I'm afraid that on the whole, Brits are just like everyone else in the west - soft, stuck in front of the telly, and wondering when they can go and vote for a different politician to not help them.
Who won last night's football game is more important than anything else.
And it doesn’t rug your relays. It also has the follows backup feature that Nostur has 🏆
Yes. It connects to your relay set. But afterwards it makes sure you connect to other relays in order to be able to contact who’s needed. I’ve been using wisp heavily since this weekend. @nprofile…jejf or @nprofile…rvcc can explain better.
GM Nostr!!
Reminder that a universal healthcare system would take at least 20% of your paycheck in new taxes and that’s the optimistic estimate.
The US already spends 18% of GDP on healthcare. Handing that bill to the federal government doesn’t make it disappear, it just removes your ability to opt out.
Giving the same government that built this mess a monopoly on it fixes nothing.
GM
https://video.nostr.build/a0ef9cfddcd5139f2588c72a9b110bf0fd5b631e6c5452e4068f690f9473966e.mov
あ！もしかしてコイツFireFox以外のブラウザも確認しないといけませんか？
Block 951134
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#bitcoinfees #mempool
No plans for Google play for now, I tried for almost a month to get the sms verification to work and after that they fucked up the LLC name and I could not finish the KYC process.
Eggcellent morning
https://image.nostr.build/2184e89f1b4b641e54ec0bdd3918449ae4266100f4d8d4ea0ad9ac74330dfc78.jpg
Good became eggcellent morning nostr 🌞
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#bitcoinfees #mempool
These people don't see a problem with storing secret keys on their clipboard.
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Oof good luck today bro 🤭
🤭😂🤣
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#nevent1q…y55v
He is becoming the comedy Alex Jones.
Block 951132
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#bitcoinfees #mempool
GM don't become some boomer's exit liquidity in stonks, real estate, or boats.
AI security audits... Good thing AI isn't famous for telling any lie under the sun to avoid giving you bad news.
Google login or raw nsec OR v1.0.5?
Secondly. What software do you use for your memes. Don't wanna assume some AI thing, but man the pepe placing and face matching is top tier.
https://media.tenor.com/flGNpobJuuoAAAAi/happy-clap.gif
🤭
https://blossom.primal.net/d892d7e112141ed781b26b83dd124a3ea479882ab24432cfe5d6d718f41b45c9.jpg
#nevent1q…a6gr